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Kunmadj

Kunmadj is the Kuninjku term for large woven collecting baskets, known as dillybags.

They are often made from the burney vine (Malaisia scandens), a strong, pliable plant that grows along the ground and into the canopy of monsoon vine thickets. The baskets are used to collect a variety of heavy foods, such as fish caught in conical fish traps or a good harvest of yams. As well as being of practical use, dillybags are of cultural significance to Arnhem Land people. Dillybags are totemic objects and they are associated with particular sites in the landscape.

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Lady Dreaming

‘Lady Dreaming is near the three palm trees, Ngarndúma on the Arnhem highway. One of the mermaids is called Jilapara and the other is Lilima – they are two sisters. My husbands grandmother knows this story. She’s like djomi but different. This one is big and fat, djomi is small. they all make babies. This one – the long one came all the way from Ramingining. They were travelling and they are there forever. It’s an old fashioned story, we can talk about it.’ Verity Bangarra 2023

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Lady Dreaming

‘Lady Dreaming is near the three palm trees, Ngarndúma on the Arnhem highway. One of the mermaids is called Jilapara and the other is Lilima – they are two sisters. My husbands grandmother knows this story. She’s like djomi but different. This one is big and fat, djomi is small. they all make babies. This one – the long one came all the way from Ramingining. They were travelling and they are there forever. It’s an old fashioned story, we can talk about it.’ Verity Bangarra 2023

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Warakkála (Long Yam)

Warakkála is the name of a place on Entrance Island meaning ‘ there are many long yams’. 

Warakkála is a kind of long yam, bush tucker for the Kunibidji people. These yams are roasted in ashes or hot water. They have méameya (hair) which is depicted in Marilyn’s Lino tile.

Marilyn James’ homeland is Entrance Island.

Resource: Ndjébbana Dictionary 2007

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Djabayéna (Ancestral sawfish spirit)

 

Djabayéna is a highly significant saw fish creation spirit that is part of the symbolic identity of the Ndjébbana speaking Kunibidji people of West Arnhem Land. 

When seen from the sky, the formation of a large Djabayéna can be seen at the opening of the Liverpool River on the Western Point.

‘When tide in and then tide out we can see it’s up there round the corner on the point. There is one Djabayéna, really big. He sleep all the time here. Our dreaming, Djabayéna. We make t-shirt and they play football – home ground with Djabayéna.’ Verity Bangarra 2023

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Yawkyawk – Janet Marawarr

‘Yawkyawk swim underneath the rock. They always stay there. When the sun comes out they come out from underneath the river, make themselves warm. They sit and they look around. When they sit, they cry to themselves. Ngaldjorlhbo (mother of everything) she created them – yawkyawk and the other one [Ngalng].

The Mimih one is a long way from the stone country. He is from my uncles country Bardijokhang. My uncle is the famous artist Crusoe Kurddal and he carves and paints Mimih.  

‘Sometimes yawkyawk sit inside the rock. Sometimes they go out to find the manme (food) and the mankung (sugarbag). Also they can sing inside the rock cave. Sometimes yawkyawk will see the big rain. When the big rain comes they start looking and when the rain comes they go inside and hide themselves.’

Some yawkyawk stay on the dry land in a special place inland from Bardijolhwang.

Some of the stones get stuck on the breasts of the yawkyawk.

There are two yawkyawk in this artwork. One, the wet season yawkyawk has a round face and long hair. The dry season yawkyawk has short hair. There are lots of different yawkyawk in the water.

In my fabric they are all coming together with the grass trees and leaves and the blowing wind. Some of the leaves will fall onto the water. All the round shapes are kunred (rocky country) with dry grass.

This country is called Gamadery (sp), which is located near Mankorlod and Korlobididah, Arnhem Land.’ 

Janet Marawarr 2022

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Kundalk (grasses) on Kunwarrde (Stone Country)

That kundalk (sedge/grass) it grows in the water in that black mud, it holds fast to that mud. Wet season time, that kunwarrde (stone country) covered by leaves and grass and mud. When it rains the fish come through. You can see that grass, under the river, in that black mud. When that water is flowing fast the fish can jump to other river. When it dries up, no fish, only sand and little bit of water. This area is from Mankorlord, that’s kunwarrde. (Janet Marawarr 2024)

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Namarlbbe (Mimih Spirit Creation Story)

Namarlbbe hides up in the kunwarrde (stone country), he’s hiding between two rocks. He’s standing and looking around that Mimih. That plant on the rock next to him is windilk, that brown/purple colour for pandanus. Namarlbbe has large ears to listen for Bininj. When that Bininj (young man) he walks in the bush, he goes hunting or fishing or looking for nganabbarru (buffalo), kunj (kangaroo) or ngurrurdu (emu). That spirit, Namarlbbe, he’s looking around. When he sees that Bininj, he goes inside his body. He waits for moon to go full (waxing), then skinny (waning), then that yok (bandicoot) will come out and do that action, dance like yok. Then he dies and maybe five minutes later, he wakes up again and that Bininj he wakes up too. (Janet Marawarr 2024)